Applying self-processing biases in education:improving learning through ownership

Accepting ownership of an item is an effective way of associating it with self, evoking self-processing biases that enhance memory. This memory advantage occurs even in ownership games, where items are arbitrarily divided between participants to temporarily ‘own’. The current study tested the educational applications of ownership games across two experiments. In Experiment 1, 7 to 9-year-old children were asked to choose three novel, labelled shapes from an array of nine. The experimenter chose three shapes and three remained ‘un-owned’. A subsequent free-recall test showed that children reliably learned more self-owned than other-owned or un-owned shapes. Experiment 2 replicated this finding for shapes that were assigned to owners rather than chosen, and showed that ownership enhanced memory more effectively than a control game with no ownership manipulation. Together, these experiments show that ownership games can evoke self-processing biases in children’s memory, enhancing learning. Implications for education strategies are discussed

A summary of the Department of Fisheries, Western Australia invertebrate research at Cocos (Keeling) Islands 2006-2011

The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are located in the Indian Ocean (12° 12” S, 96° 54” E). The group is comprised of two separate coral atolls, consisting of 27 islands. The southern atoll consists of 26 islands, surrounding a shallow lagoon, two of which are inhabited with a total population of approximately 600 people. Management of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands’ fish resources is conducted by the Department of Fisheries Western Australia (DoF), on behalf of the Commonwealth Government, under a Service Delivery Agreement (SDA). Between 2006 and 2011 DoF has conducted annual risk assessments to focus research and management objectives for the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. This report summarises the research on three invertebrate groups (holothurians, Lambis lambis and giant clams) that were highlighted as high-risk, either due to lack of knowledge and/or current/potential fishing pressure. The key findings of the research projects are discussed below

Mapping shallow water habitats of the Wallabi Group, Houtman Abrolhos Islands, using remote sensing techniques

The use of mapping techniques to identify and quantify habitats is becoming an increasingly important tool for the effective management of marine resources. With a multitude of techniques such as remote sensing, acoustic surveys and towed video all commonly used, the decision on the methodology to use depends on the resolution of output data required to answer the objectives of the survey, the spatial extent and location of survey site as well as the associated costs of surveyin

The Vanquished Christ of Modern Passion Drama.

The study of The Vanquished Christ in Modern Passion Drama selects from the anthropocentric passion imagery in over fifty modern plays written in English between 1864 and 1980. By focusing on the modern passion dramas which appeared during the 1920s and in the postmodern period coinciding with the conflict in Vietnam of 1957 through 1973, the main thrust of this research reveals the modern poetic vision of the Christ figure of passion persona who, like mankind at war, is threatened with extinction. The modern, radical poetic vision differs from the traditional view of the passion demonstrated in pageants such as The Oberammergau Passion Play in that it replaces the theistic world view and typological interpretation of the Bible with the playwright\u27s personal world view that reflects the death of God theology. In effect, the radical vision departs from two theistic paradigms: Christus victim, represented by the Oberammergau pageant, and Christus victor which is modeled after the dialogue between God and Job in the book of Job. In contrast, the vanquished paradigm illustrates the Oedipal experience of suffering that constitutes the tragic theology of an impersonal, malevolent power which tyrannizes mankind. The radical vision stems from three dramatic movements influenced by aestheticism, poetic anarchism and theatrical positivism. In the 1920s, these trends resulted in the literary and historical visions of the Christic passion. Three verse dramas in this study manifest the traits of aestheticism in their treatment of the passion. The historical view reveals the anarchism in three dramas as well. Theatrical positivism in the postmodern passion plays has resulted in modern creations of passion rituals and protests by which the playwrights, through theatrical means, aim to transform society\u27s complacent attitude about militarism, mediocrity and other forms of tyranny

Facile tungsten alkylidene synthesis: alkylidene transfer from a phosphorane to a tungsten imido complex

A number of transition-metal complexes catalyze the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a variety of cyclic olefins. Notable among these catalysts are the titanacyclobutane derivatives and certain alkylidene complexes of tungsten: molybdenum, tantalum, and rhenium. The highly reactive tungsten alkylidene complexes developed by Schrock, Osborn, and Basset are particularly useful for the synthesis of unsaturated polymers such as novel conducting polymers and soluble precursors and derivatives of polyacetylene. Recent applications of these catalytic systems involve the polymerization of acyclic alkynes and dienes In addition, the use of tungsten alkylidene complexes as Wittig-type reagents in organic synthesis holds considerable promise

Engagement in Behavioral Parent Training: Review of the Literature and Implications for Practice

Engagement in behavioral parent training (BPT), including enrollment, attrition, attendance, within-session engagement, and homework completion, has long been a critical issue in the literature. Several estimates of various aspects of engagement have been suggested in the literature, but a systematic review of the available literature has never been accomplished. This review examines engagement data across 262 studies of BPT. Recruitment attrition, program attrition, attendance, and within-session engagement are examined across studies, with particular emphasis on the impact that SES, study purpose (efficacy vs. effectiveness), treatment format (individual vs. group), and age of child may have on those rates. Results of this review suggest that the significant amount of attrition occurs prior to enrollment in BPT, with at least 25 % of those identified as appropriate for BPT not enrolling in such programs. An additional 26 % begin, but drop out before completing treatment. Still the combined dropout rate of at least 51 % leaves at best half of identified parents completing treatment. While SES status had a small effect on attrition, other variables were not found to meaningfully impact engagement. Information on within-session engagement (homework and ratings of participation) was not often reported in studies. Key issues in this literature (e.g., varying definitions of engagement, limited attention to reporting key aspects of engagement) are discussed, and recommendations are made to further improve this important area of research and clinical practice

Cellular Models of Aggregation-Dependent Template-Directed Proteolysis to Characterize Tau Aggregation Inhibitors for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Copyright © 2015, The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Acknowledgements-We thank Drs Timo Rager and Rolf Hilfiker (Solvias, Switzerland) for polymorph analyses.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Facile tungsten alkylidene synthesis: alkylidene transfer from a phosphorane to a tungsten imido complex

A number of transition-metal complexes catalyze the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a variety of cyclic olefins. Notable among these catalysts are the titanacyclobutane derivatives and certain alkylidene complexes of tungsten: molybdenum, tantalum, and rhenium. The highly reactive tungsten alkylidene complexes developed by Schrock, Osborn, and Basset are particularly useful for the synthesis of unsaturated polymers such as novel conducting polymers and soluble precursors and derivatives of polyacetylene. Recent applications of these catalytic systems involve the polymerization of acyclic alkynes and dienes In addition, the use of tungsten alkylidene complexes as Wittig-type reagents in organic synthesis holds considerable promise